UPDATE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN D AND DEPRESSION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/dagq7e09Keywords:
BDNF level, depression, SSRI vitamin DAbstract
Introduction: Depression remains a significant global health challenge, affecting approximately one in ten individuals, and its multifaceted nature requires prolonged therapeutic interventions. Recent studies have explored the potential link between vitamin D deficiency and depression, highlighting the role of vitamin D in neurobiology and its plausible association with depressive symptoms. However, the exact nature of this relationship and its implications for depression management require further investigation, as outlined in the systematic review "Association of Vitamin D and Depression: An Update Systematic Review," aiming to provide clarity on the role of vitamin D in depression etiology and guide future research and clinical interventions.
Method: The researchers in this study followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to ensure that their work met the required standards. This was done to ensure the precision and reliability of the conclusions derived from the research.
Result: Our search produced 13 results. After looking at the titles and summaries, we found 10 papers that fit our criteria. At first, we excluded several articles because they were written in review style and case reports. But after reading the full papers carefully, we included five papers in our final analysis. These papers included experimental study, observational study a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial, a cross-sectional analysis, and double-blind randomized clinical trial.
Conclusion: Some studies indicate improvements in mood, reductions in corticosterone levels, and prevention of serum vitamin D decreases with vitamin D and SSRI antidepressant combination. Another study in obese women with depression showed positive effects on mood, BDNF levels, inflammation, and SIRT1 with vitamin D and magnesium supplementation. However, no significant associations were found between baseline vitamin D levels and depression symptoms, and vitamin D supplementation did not improve depression symptoms in deficient but otherwise healthy individuals, suggesting caution in using it for depression management. Further research, especially in diverse populations, is needed to clarify the role of vitamin D in depression.
References
Whiteford HA, Degenhardt L, Rehm J, Baxter AJ, Ferrari AJ, Erskine HE et al. Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2013;382: 1575-86. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61611-6.
Sánchez-Vidaña DI, Ngai SP, He W, Chow JK, Lau BW, Tsang HW. The effectiveness of aromatherapy for depressive symptoms: a systematic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:5869315. doi: 10. 1155/2017/5869315.
Milaneschi Y, Hoogendijk W, Lips P, Heijboer AC, Schoevers R, Hemert AMV, Beekman ATF, Smit JH, Penninx BWJH. The association between low vitamin D and depressive disorders. Mol Psychiatry. 2014;19:444-51. doi:
1038/mp.2013.36.
Jiang P, Zhang WY, Li HD, Cai HL, Liu YP, Chen LY. Stress and vitamin D: altered vitamin D metabolism in both the hippocampus and myocardium of chronic unpredictable mild stress exposed rats. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013; 38:2091-8. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.03.017.
Zhou J, Li D, Wang Y. Vitamin D Deficiency Participates in Depression of Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Regulating the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2024;20:389397. Published 2024 Feb 27. doi:10.2147/NDT.S442654
Al-Ramadhan, F.R.; Abulmeaty, M.M.A.; Alquraishi, M.; Razak, S.; Alhussain, M.H. Effect of Vitamin D3 on Depressive Behaviors of Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 2112.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ biomedicines11082112
Khan B, Shafiq H, Abbas S, et al. Vitamin D status and its correlation to depression. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2022;21(1):32. Published 2022 Aug 18. doi:10.1186/s12991-022-00406-1
Behnaz Abiri, Parvin Sarbakhsh & Mohammadreza Vafa (2021): Randomized study of the effects of vitamin D and/or magnesium supplementation on mood, serum levels of BDNF, inflammation, and SIRT1 in obese women with mild to moderate depressive symptoms, Nutritional Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1080/1028415X.2021.1945859
Mousa A, Naderpoor N, de Courten MPJ, de Courten B. Vitamin D and symptoms of depression in overweight or obese adults: A cross-sectional study and randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2018;177:200-208. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.08.002
Mina Kaviani, Bahareh Nikooyeh, Hamid Zand, Parichehreh Yaghmaei, Tirang R. Neyestani, Effects of vitamin D supplementation on depression and some involved neurotransmitters, Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 269, 2020, Pages 28-35, ISSN 0165-0327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.029. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165032719333713)
Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins RJ, Tucker KL. Modern nutrition in health and disease, vol. 123. Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2020, p. 1234-1246.
Menon V, Kar SK, Suthar N, Nebhinani N. Vitamin D and depression: a critical appraisal of the evidence and future directions. Indian J Psychol Med. 2020;42(1):11–21.
Khan AH, Iqbal R, Naureen G, Dar FJ, Ahmed FN. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its correlates: results of a community-based study conducted in Karachi. Pak Arch osteoporos. 2012;7(1):275–82.
Lopez RB, Denny BT, Fagundes CPJN, Reviews B. Neural mechanisms of emotion regulation and their role in endocrine and immune functioning a review with implications for treatment of affective disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;95(508):514.
Chang E, Kim Y. Vitamin D ameliorates fat accumulation with AMPK/SIRT1 activity in C2C12 skeletal Muscle cells. Nutrients. 2019 Nov 17;11(11):2806. doi:10.3390/nu11112806 PMID: 31744213; PMCID: PMC6893473.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing
Ninety Nine Publication publishes articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This licensing allows for any use of the work, provided the original author(s) and source are credited, thereby facilitating the free exchange and use of research for the advancement of knowledge.
Detailed Licensing Terms
Attribution (BY): Users must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. Users may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses them or their use.
No Additional Restrictions: Users may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
