EVALUATION OF RISK OF TRANSFUSION-TRANSMISSIBLE INFECTIONS IN BLOOD DONORS AT THE LAQUINTINIE
Keywords:
Transfusion, infection, blood donation, CameroonAbstract
Introduction: Unsafe blood transfusions have the potential to transmit a variety of infections known as transfusiontransmitted infections (TTIs). The overall objective of our study was to determine the seroprevalence and factors associated with TTIs related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Treponema pallidum bacteria among blood donors at the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala.
Methodology: A crosssectional analytical study was conducted among blood donors at the HDH for 12 months, from January 1 to December 30, 2021. HIV, HBV and HCV serological markers were tested by two immunological techniques, immunochromatography and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). Treponema pallidum infection was tested by hemaglutination and ELISA. Factors associated with infection were investigated by multinomial logistic regression with a statistical significance level of 5%.
Results: We analyzed 7222 blood bags, 1010 of which were positive for at least one of the infectious markers, i.e. a prevalence of TTI of 14.0%; this prevalence was significantly higher in male donors (p=0.001), those aged between 45 and 54 years (p=0.009), workers in the private sector (p=0.003), married donors (p=0.034). No significant difference was observed between compensatory and voluntary donation.
Conclusion: TTIs remain a major public health concern, hence the need for awareness and surveillance strategies.
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