MATERNAL DEATHS DUE TO ECLAMPSIA AND HELLP SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/q5r6ck37Keywords:
HELLP, eclampsia, maternal, hypertension.Abstract
Background: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy affect 10 % of women and are a main cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Preeclampsia, eclampsia, and Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzyme Levels and Low Platelet Levels (HELLP) syndrome are life-threatening hypertensive conditions that occur in pregnant woman.
The aim: This study aims to show maternal deaths due to eclampsia and HELLP syndrome.
Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2013 and 2023 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed and SagePub, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 39 articles, whereas the results of our search on SagePub brought up 106 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2013 yielded a total 25 articles for PubMed and 50 articles for SagePub. The result from title screening, a total 10 articles for PubMed and 22 articles for SagePub. In the end, we compiled a total of 10 papers. We included five research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: The higher maternal age; prenatal history of hypertension and hypoproteinemia; and conditions requiring oral prednisolone, oral anticoagulants, and oral antiplatelets were identified as significant risk factors underlying critical obstetric bleeding, together with other obstetric complications. Prenatal hypertension may predispose patients to HELLP syndrome, eclampsia, and subsequent development of critical bleeding, but it may not predispose the patients to atonic bleeding.
References
Lam M, Dierking E. Intensive Care Unit issues in eclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2017;7(3):136–41.
Shahd A. Karrar; Peter L. Hong. Pre-eclampsia: pathophysiology. Br Med Journal- Best Pract [Internet].2023;1–5. Available from: http://bestpractice.bmj.com/bestpractice/monograph/326/basics/
pathophysiology.html
Khalid F, Mahendraker N, Tonismae T. Pathophysiology. 2023;1–8.
Vigil-De Gracia P, Rojas-Suarez J, Ramos E, Reyes O, Collantes J, Quintero A, et al. Incidence of eclampsia with HELLP syndrome and associated mortality in Latin America. Int J Gynecol Obstet [Internet].
;129(3):219–22. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.11.024
Panda S, Das R, Sharma N, Das A, Deb P, Singh K. Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Factors Influencing It: A Prospective Hospital-Based Study in Northeast India. Cureus. 2021;13(3):3–9.
Zanette E, Parpinelli MA, Surita FG, Costa ML, Haddad SM, Sousa MH, et al. Maternal near miss and death among women with severe hypertensive disorders: A Brazilian multicenter surveillance study. Reprod Health. 2014;11(1):1–11.
Lisonkova S, Razaz N, Sabr Y, Muraca GM, Boutin A, Mayer C, et al. Maternal risk factors and adverse birth outcomes associated with HELLP syndrome: a population-based study. BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2020;127(10):1189–98.
Mooij R, Lugumila J, Mwashambwa MY, Mwampagatwa IH, van Dillen J, Stekelenburg J. Characteristics and outcomes of patients with eclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia in a rural hospital in Western Tanzania: A retrospective medical record study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15(1):1–7.
Bisson C, Dautel S, Patel E, Suresh S, Dauer P, Rana S. Preeclampsia pathophysiology and adverse outcomes during pregnancy and postpartum. Front Med. 2023;10(March):1–10.
Akaishi T, Tarasawa K, Hamada H, Iwama N, Tomita H, Akaishi M, et al. Prenatal hypertension as the risk of eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, and critical obstetric hemorrhage. Hypertens Res. 2023;
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing
Ninety Nine Publication publishes articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This licensing allows for any use of the work, provided the original author(s) and source are credited, thereby facilitating the free exchange and use of research for the advancement of knowledge.
Detailed Licensing Terms
Attribution (BY): Users must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. Users may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses them or their use.
No Additional Restrictions: Users may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
